There are more and more get out clauses to the "one child policy". If you live far enough into the countryside, you may well be permitted to have a second if your first child is a girl. If you are an ethnic minority - have two. If you and your husband/wife are both single children, have two. If your first child has a certain illness, have two (not necessarily even that serious, someone we know has two perfect children cos first child had some supposedly serious illness).
Biggest get out of all - if you have enough money to pay the fine, or enough guangxi not to get fined, have two! Doesn't work if you are a state employee as rules are still enforced and you risk losing your job, but if you work for a private company it's not a problem. More than a few families in our (very middle-class) compound have two children, while at the other end of the economic spectrum our very poor ayi has two, although they are both tucked away in the countryside with their grandparents!